Profanphilosophie:마북전파소

칼 슈미트의 정치신학의 관점에서 근래 한국에서 있었던 계엄선포의 정당성은?


칼 슈미트(Carl Schmitt)의 **정치신학(Politische Theologie)** 개념을 바탕으로 최근 한국에서의 계엄 선포(혹은 논의)의 정당성을 평가하려면, 다음과 같은 핵심 개념을 고려해야 합니다.  

### **1. 칼 슈미트의 정치신학과 주권 개념**  
- 슈미트는 **"주권자란 비상상태(예외상태, Ausnahmezustand)에 대해 결정할 수 있는 자"**라고 정의했습니다.  
- 즉, **국가의 정상적인 법질서가 기능하지 않을 때, 주권자는 법적 질서를 초월하여 질서를 회복하기 위한 결정을 내릴 권한이 있다**는 것입니다.  
- 이는 **비상사태에서의 법적·정치적 권위의 문제**를 강조하며, 주권자는 법을 정지할 권리를 통해 스스로 법의 원천이 됩니다.  

### **2. 계엄 선포의 정당성 문제**  
최근 한국에서 논의되었던 계엄 선포(예: 촛불집회 당시 계엄령 검토 문건 등)의 정당성을 슈미트의 관점에서 평가할 때, 두 가지 논점이 충돌합니다.  

#### **① 계엄의 필요성과 국가 질서 유지**  
- 슈미트의 논리에 따르면, **국가의 존립 자체가 위협받는 비상사태라면 주권자는 헌법적 한계를 초월해서라도 질서를 회복할 권한을 가진다**고 볼 수 있습니다.  
- 만약 당시 계엄이 **실제 국가 존립에 대한 심각한 위협을 막기 위한 것이었다면**, 슈미트적 해석에서는 이를 정당화할 수 있는 여지가 있습니다.  

#### **② 정치적 악용과 법치의 문제**  
- 그러나 슈미트의 개념이 모든 계엄 상황을 정당화하는 것은 아닙니다.  
- 슈미트는 **"예외상태의 선포는 법적 판단이 아니라 정치적 판단"**이라고 했지만, 이는 결국 **주권자가 임의적으로 예외상태를 선언하고 권력을 강화하는 도구로 활용할 가능성**을 내포합니다.  
- 한국에서 논의된 계엄령 검토는 **단순한 질서 유지가 아니라 정권 유지를 위한 수단으로 악용될 소지가 있었다는 점**에서, 이는 슈미트적 '정치신학' 논리의 오남용이 될 수 있습니다.  

### **3. 결론: 슈미트적 정당화는 가능하나, 현대 민주주의와 충돌**  
- **슈미트의 논리를 따르면 계엄 선포의 정당성이 완전히 부정될 수는 없으나, 그것이 실제로 국가 존립의 위기 상황에 근거한 것이어야 한다는 점이 중요**합니다.  
- 그러나 현대 민주주의 국가에서, 특히 헌법과 법치주의를 기반으로 하는 대한민국에서는 **"국민의 저항권"과 "민주적 정당성"이 더 중요한 요소**가 됩니다.  
- 따라서 **슈미트적 논리를 원용해 계엄령을 정당화하는 것은 현실적으로 매우 위험하며, 반(反)민주적 성격을 띨 수밖에 없습니다.**  

즉, **칼 슈미트의 정치신학을 적용하면 계엄령의 이론적 정당성은 일부 주장될 수 있지만, 그것이 실제로 민주적 정당성을 가질 수 있느냐는 별개의 문제**입니다.  
한국의 경우, 최근 논의된 계엄령은 **국가 존립 위기라기보다 특정 정치 세력의 이해관계에 따라 추진된 측면이 강하기 때문에, 슈미트적 논리를 적용하더라도 정당성을 확보하기 어려울 것입니다.**

guns N roses

주요코드 : Am Dm G  F

Talk to me softly, there's something in your eyes
Don't hang your head in sorrow and please don't cry
I know how you feel inside, I've, I've been there before
Something is changing inside you and don't you know?

Don't you cry tonight, I still love you, baby
And don't you cry tonight
Don't you cry tonight, there's a heaven above you, baby
And don't you cry tonight

Give me a whisper and give me a sigh
Give me a kiss before you tell me goodbye
Don't you take it so hard now and please don't take it so bad
I'll still be thinking of you and the times we had, baby

And don't you cry tonight
Don't you cry tonight
Don't you cry tonight, there's a heaven above you, baby
And don't you cry tonight

[Guitar Solo]

And please remember that I never lied, oh
And please remember how I felt inside now, honey
You gotta make it your own way but you'll be alright now, sugar
You'll feel better tomorrow, come the morning light now, baby

And don't you cry tonight
Don't you cry tonight
Don't you cry tonight, there's a heaven above you, baby
And don't you cry
Don't you ever cry
Don't you cry tonight, baby, maybe someday
Don't you cry, don't you ever cry
Don't you cry tonight

Procol Harum

Intro : C   Em/B   Am   C/G    F   Am/E    Dm   F/C G   G7/F   Em   G7/D   C   F       C/G   G7

We skipped the light fandango
Turned cartwheels 'cross the floor
I was feeling kinda seasick
The crowd called out for more
The room was humming harder
As the ceiling flew away
When we called out for another drink
The waiter brought a tray
And so it was that later
As the miller told his tale
That her face, at first just ghostly
Turned a whiter shade of pale
She said "there is no reason"
And the truth is plain to see
But I wandered through my playing cards
Would not let her be
One of sixteen vestal virgins
Who were leaving for the coast
And although my eyes were open
They might have just as well've been closed
And so it was that later
As the miller told his tale
That her face, at first just ghostly
Turned a whiter shade of pale
And so it was that later

https://youtu.be/ZB5bjxSIq0s?si=c2KbFVeVCBJmCm_o

레드 제플린의 이 명곡을 기타로 카피해 보려고 가사를 받아 적고 유트브로 들어보다 이 곡의 구조를 이제 새삼 이해한것 같다. 중세 잉글랜드식의 고전적 포크 계열의 주제에 순차적 변주로 포크에서 락, 재즈, 메탈로 나아가는 8분여의 이 곡은 그야말로 록의 역사이자 집대성이다. 재즈의 느낌은 드럼이 들어가는 중반 후기에 살짝 일어난다. 그 이후로는 잠깐의 블루스 분위기도 있다.

주요코드 : Am C D F Em7 G

There's a lady who's sure
All that glitters is gold
And she's buying a stairway to heaven
When she gets there she knows
If the stores are all closed
With a word she can get what she came for
Ooh ooh ooh ooh ooh
And she's buying a stairway to heaven
There's a sign on the wall
But she wants to be sure
'Cause you know, sometimes words have two meanings
In a tree by the brook
There's a songbird who sings
Sometimes all of our thoughts are misgiven
Ooh, it makes me wonder
Ooh, it makes me wonder
There's a feeling I get
When I look to the west
And my spirit is crying for leaving
In my thoughts I have seen
Rings of smoke through the trees
And the voices of those who stand looking
Ooh, it makes me wonder
Ooh, it really makes me wonder
And it's whispered that soon
If we all call the tune
Then the piper will lead us to reason
And a new day will dawn
For those who stand long
And the forests will echo with laughter
Oh whoa-whoa-whoa, oh-oh
If there's a bustle in your hedgerow, don't be alarmed now
It's just a spring clean for the May Queen
Yes, there are two paths you can go by, but in the long run
And there's still time to change the road you're on
And it makes me wonder
Oh, whoa
Your head is humming and it won't go
In case you don't know
The piper's calling you to join him
Dear lady, can you hear the wind blow?
And did you know
Your stairway lies on the whispering wind?
And as we wind on down the road
Our shadows taller than our soul
There walks a lady we all know
Who shines white light and wants to show
How everything still turns to gold
And if you listen very hard
The tune will come to you at last
When all are one and one is all, yeah
To be a rock and not to roll
And she's buying a stairway to heaven

주요코드 : Am C D F Em7 G

There's a lady who's sure
All that glitters is gold
And she's buying a stairway to heaven
When she gets there she knows
If the stores are all closed
With a word she can get what she came for

Ooh ooh ooh ooh ooh
And she's buying a stairway to heaven
There's a sign on the wall
But she wants to be sure
'Cause you know, sometimes words have two meanings
In a tree by the brook
There's a songbird who sings
Sometimes all of our thoughts are misgiven

Ooh, it makes me wonder
Ooh, it makes me wonder
There's a feeling I get
When I look to the west
And my spirit is crying for leaving
In my thoughts I have seen
Rings of smoke through the trees
And the voices of those who stand looking

Ooh, it makes me wonder
Ooh, it really makes me wonder
And it's whispered that soon
If we all call the tune
Then the piper will lead us to reason
And a new day will dawn
For those who stand long
And the forests will echo with laughter
Oh whoa-whoa-whoa, oh-oh

If there's a bustle in your hedgerow, don't be alarmed now
It's just a spring clean for the May Queen
Yes, there are two paths you can go by, but in the long run
And there's still time to change the road you're on
And it makes me wonder
Oh, whoa

Your head is humming and it won't go
In case you don't know
The piper's calling you to join him
Dear lady, can you hear the wind blow?
And did you know
Your stairway lies on the whispering wind?

And as we wind on down the road
Our shadows taller than our soul
There walks a lady we all know
Who shines white light and wants to show
How everything still turns to gold
And if you listen very hard
The tune will come to you at last
When all are one and one is all, yeah
To be a rock and not to roll

And she's buying a stairway to heaven

https://youtu.be/ifBjpU5Taa4?si=z8EsKcWSGDK-RnHH